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Quantitative modelling (23 pages Postscript 1.26M, Gzipped Postscript 77k)
The quantitative models, namely the mathematical models describe the space-time behaviour of processes. The general mathematical description of processes usually consists of coupled systems of algebraic and differential equations. The model nearly always consists of two different parts, the so-called physico-chemical part and the apparatus specific part. The physico-chemical component of the model includes relations of the inputs, outputs and inner state variables of the system. The validity of relations used in the physico-chemical components of the model is totally independent of the particular apparatus in which the model operations take place. This self consistency of physical component insures that the model can be applied to a variate of apparatus. The "Fundamental laws of quantitative modelling" section gives an example of dividing a modelling problem into physico-chemical and apparatus specific part, then summarizes the basic physical laws, the most general equations of physics, first of all the generally used equations of conserved quantities, as the momentum, the mass and the enthalpy ( heat balance).